# Elif-Be-Ye — ابي (Aby)

> Occurs in 13 verses of the Quran.

- **Source:** https://quran.so/root/Aby

- **Meaning:** refuse/refrain/abstain voluntarily, held back, disagree/reject/dislike/disapprove/hate, incompliant/unyielding/resistant.
- **Derived forms:** أَبَى (13)

## Verses containing this root

### 2. Surah Al-Baqarah, Verse 34

- **Form in this verse:** أَبَىٰ — abā · "He refused"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · past tense

وَاِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلٰٓئِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِاٰدَمَ فَسَجَدُٓوا اِلَّٓا اِبْل۪يسَۜ اَبٰى وَاسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِر۪ينَ

Wa-ith qulna lilmala-ikatiosjudoo li-adama fasajadoo illa ibleesa abawastakbara wakana mina alkafireen

And when We said to the angels: “Submit to Adam,” then they submitted. Not so Iblīs; he refused, and had waxed proud, and was of the false claimers of guidance.

_https://quran.so/surah-al-baqarah/verse-34.md_

### 2. Surah Al-Baqarah, Verse 282

- **Form in this verse:** يَأْبَ — yaba · "(should) refuse"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · present tense

يَٓا اَيُّهَا الَّذ۪ينَ اٰمَنُٓوا اِذَا تَدَايَنْتُمْ بِدَيْنٍ اِلٰٓى اَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَاكْتُبُوهُۜ وَلْيَكْتُبْ بَيْنَكُمْ كَاتِبٌ بِالْعَدْلِۖ وَلَا يَأْبَ كَاتِبٌ اَنْ يَكْتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ اللّٰهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْۚ وَلْيُمْلِلِ الَّذ۪ي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ وَلْيَتَّقِ اللّٰهَ رَبَّهُ وَلَا يَبْخَسْ مِنْهُ شَيْـٔاًۜ فَاِنْ كَانَ الَّذ۪ي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ سَف۪يهاً اَوْ ضَع۪يفاً اَوْ لَا يَسْتَط۪يعُ اَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُ بِالْعَدْلِۜ وَاسْتَشْهِدُوا شَه۪يدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْۚ فَاِنْ لَمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَامْرَاَتَانِ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَدَٓاءِ اَنْ تَضِلَّ اِحْدٰيهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ اِحْدٰيهُمَا الْاُخْرٰىۜ وَلَا يَأْبَ الشُّهَدَٓاءُ اِذَا مَا دُعُواۜ وَلَا تَسْـَٔمُٓوا اَنْ تَكْتُبُوهُ صَغ۪يراً اَوْ كَب۪يراً اِلٰٓى اَجَلِه۪ۜ ذٰلِكُمْ اَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ وَاَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَادَةِ وَاَدْنٰٓى اَلَّا تَرْتَابُٓوا اِلَّٓا اَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً حَاضِرَةً تُد۪يرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ اَلَّا تَكْتُبُوهَاۜ وَاَشْهِدُٓوا اِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْۖ وَلَا يُضَٓارَّ  كَاتِبٌ وَلَا شَه۪يدٌۜ وَاِنْ تَفْعَلُوا فَاِنَّهُ فُسُوقٌ بِكُمْۜ وَاتَّقُوا اللّٰهَۜ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ اللّٰهُۜ وَاللّٰهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَل۪يمٌ

Ya ayyuha allatheena amanooitha tadayantum bidaynin ila ajalin musammanfaktuboohu walyaktub baynakum katibun bilAAadliwala ya/ba katibun an yaktuba kamaAAallamahu Allahu falyaktub walyumlili allatheeAAalayhi alhaqqu walyattaqi Allaha rabbahu walayabkhas minhu shay-an fa-in kana allathee AAalayhialhaqqu safeehan aw daAAeefan aw la yastateeAAuan yumilla huwa falyumlil waliyyuhu bilAAadli wastashhidooshaheedayni min rijalikum fa-in lam yakoonarajulayni farajulun wamraatani mimman tardawnamina ashshuhada-i an tadilla ihdahumafatuthakkira ihdahuma al-okhrawala ya/ba ashshuhadao itha maduAAoo wala tas-amoo an taktuboohu sagheeran awkabeeran ila ajalihi thalikum aqsatu AAindaAllahi waaqwamu lishshahadati waadnaalla tartaboo illa an takoona tijaratanhadiratan tudeeroonaha baynakum falaysa AAalaykumjunahun alla taktubooha waashhidoo ithatabayaAAtum wala yudarra katibun walashaheedun wa-in tafAAaloo fa-innahu fusooqun bikum wattaqooAllaha wayuAAallimukumu Allahu wallahubikulli shay-in AAaleem

O you who heed warning: when you contract a debt together to a stated term: write it down, and let a writer write it down between you justly; and let not a writer refuse to write it down as God has taught him; so let him write, and let the debtor dictate, and let him be in prudent fear of God, his Lord, and diminish nothing thereof. But if the debtor be incompetent, or weak, or unable to dictate himself, then his ally shall dictate justly. And call to witness two witnesses from among your men; but if there be not two men, then a man and two women among those you approve as witnesses, that should one of them err, one of them might remind the other; and let not the witnesses refuse when they are called. And be not weary of writing it, small or great, with its term (that is more just in the sight of God, and more upright for witness, and likelier that there will be no doubt between you) save if it be present trade that you transact among you; then you do no wrong that you write it not down. And take witnesses when you enter into contract. And let not a writer or witness be harmed. And if you do, then is it perfidy among you. And be in prudent fear of God. And God is teaching you; and God knows all things.

_https://quran.so/surah-al-baqarah/verse-282.md_

### 2. Surah Al-Baqarah, Verse 282

- **Form in this verse:** يَأْبَ — yaba · "(should) refuse"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · present tense

يَٓا اَيُّهَا الَّذ۪ينَ اٰمَنُٓوا اِذَا تَدَايَنْتُمْ بِدَيْنٍ اِلٰٓى اَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى فَاكْتُبُوهُۜ وَلْيَكْتُبْ بَيْنَكُمْ كَاتِبٌ بِالْعَدْلِۖ وَلَا يَأْبَ كَاتِبٌ اَنْ يَكْتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ اللّٰهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْۚ وَلْيُمْلِلِ الَّذ۪ي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ وَلْيَتَّقِ اللّٰهَ رَبَّهُ وَلَا يَبْخَسْ مِنْهُ شَيْـٔاًۜ فَاِنْ كَانَ الَّذ۪ي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ سَف۪يهاً اَوْ ضَع۪يفاً اَوْ لَا يَسْتَط۪يعُ اَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُ بِالْعَدْلِۜ وَاسْتَشْهِدُوا شَه۪يدَيْنِ مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْۚ فَاِنْ لَمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌ وَامْرَاَتَانِ مِمَّنْ تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ الشُّهَدَٓاءِ اَنْ تَضِلَّ اِحْدٰيهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ اِحْدٰيهُمَا الْاُخْرٰىۜ وَلَا يَأْبَ الشُّهَدَٓاءُ اِذَا مَا دُعُواۜ وَلَا تَسْـَٔمُٓوا اَنْ تَكْتُبُوهُ صَغ۪يراً اَوْ كَب۪يراً اِلٰٓى اَجَلِه۪ۜ ذٰلِكُمْ اَقْسَطُ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ وَاَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَادَةِ وَاَدْنٰٓى اَلَّا تَرْتَابُٓوا اِلَّٓا اَنْ تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً حَاضِرَةً تُد۪يرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ اَلَّا تَكْتُبُوهَاۜ وَاَشْهِدُٓوا اِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْۖ وَلَا يُضَٓارَّ  كَاتِبٌ وَلَا شَه۪يدٌۜ وَاِنْ تَفْعَلُوا فَاِنَّهُ فُسُوقٌ بِكُمْۜ وَاتَّقُوا اللّٰهَۜ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ اللّٰهُۜ وَاللّٰهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَل۪يمٌ

Ya ayyuha allatheena amanooitha tadayantum bidaynin ila ajalin musammanfaktuboohu walyaktub baynakum katibun bilAAadliwala ya/ba katibun an yaktuba kamaAAallamahu Allahu falyaktub walyumlili allatheeAAalayhi alhaqqu walyattaqi Allaha rabbahu walayabkhas minhu shay-an fa-in kana allathee AAalayhialhaqqu safeehan aw daAAeefan aw la yastateeAAuan yumilla huwa falyumlil waliyyuhu bilAAadli wastashhidooshaheedayni min rijalikum fa-in lam yakoonarajulayni farajulun wamraatani mimman tardawnamina ashshuhada-i an tadilla ihdahumafatuthakkira ihdahuma al-okhrawala ya/ba ashshuhadao itha maduAAoo wala tas-amoo an taktuboohu sagheeran awkabeeran ila ajalihi thalikum aqsatu AAindaAllahi waaqwamu lishshahadati waadnaalla tartaboo illa an takoona tijaratanhadiratan tudeeroonaha baynakum falaysa AAalaykumjunahun alla taktubooha waashhidoo ithatabayaAAtum wala yudarra katibun walashaheedun wa-in tafAAaloo fa-innahu fusooqun bikum wattaqooAllaha wayuAAallimukumu Allahu wallahubikulli shay-in AAaleem

O you who heed warning: when you contract a debt together to a stated term: write it down, and let a writer write it down between you justly; and let not a writer refuse to write it down as God has taught him; so let him write, and let the debtor dictate, and let him be in prudent fear of God, his Lord, and diminish nothing thereof. But if the debtor be incompetent, or weak, or unable to dictate himself, then his ally shall dictate justly. And call to witness two witnesses from among your men; but if there be not two men, then a man and two women among those you approve as witnesses, that should one of them err, one of them might remind the other; and let not the witnesses refuse when they are called. And be not weary of writing it, small or great, with its term (that is more just in the sight of God, and more upright for witness, and likelier that there will be no doubt between you) save if it be present trade that you transact among you; then you do no wrong that you write it not down. And take witnesses when you enter into contract. And let not a writer or witness be harmed. And if you do, then is it perfidy among you. And be in prudent fear of God. And God is teaching you; and God knows all things.

_https://quran.so/surah-al-baqarah/verse-282.md_

### 9. Surah At-Tawbah, Verse 8

- **Form in this verse:** وَتَأْبَىٰ — watabā · "but refuse"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, feminine, singular · present tense

كَيْفَ وَاِنْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا ف۪يكُمْ اِلاًّ وَلَا ذِمَّةًۜ يُرْضُونَكُمْ بِاَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَتَأْبٰى قُلُوبُهُمْۚ وَاَكْثَرُهُمْ فَاسِقُونَۚ

Kayfa wa-in yathharoo AAalaykumla yarquboo feekum illan wala thimmatan yurdoonakumbi-afwahihim wata/ba quloobuhum waaktharuhum fasiqoon

How, when if they get the better of you, they observe neither pact of kinship nor obligation to protect? They please you with their mouths, but their hearts refuse; and most of them are perfidious.

_https://quran.so/surah-at-tawbah/verse-8.md_

### 9. Surah At-Tawbah, Verse 32

- **Form in this verse:** وَيَأْبَى — wayabā · "but Allah refuses"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · present tense

يُر۪يدُونَ اَنْ يُطْفِؤُ۫ا نُورَ اللّٰهِ بِاَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَيَأْبَى اللّٰهُ اِلَّٓا اَنْ يُتِمَّ نُورَهُ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ

Yureedoona an yutfi-oo noora Allahibi-afwahihim waya/ba Allahu illa anyutimma noorahu walaw kariha alkafiroon

They want to extinguish the light of God with their mouths; and God refuses save to perfect His light, though the false claimers of guidance be averse.

_https://quran.so/surah-at-tawbah/verse-32.md_

### 15. Surah Al-Hijr, Verse 31

- **Form in this verse:** أَبَىٰٓ — abā · "He refused"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · past tense

اِلَّٓا اِبْل۪يسَۜ اَبٰٓى اَنْ يَكُونَ مَعَ السَّاجِد۪ينَ

Illa ibleesa aba an yakoonamaAAa assajideen

Not so Iblīs; he refused to be with those who submit.

_https://quran.so/surah-al-hijr/verse-31.md_

### 17. Surah Al-Isra, Verse 89

- **Form in this verse:** فَأَبَىٰٓ — fa-abā · "but refused"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · past tense

وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَا لِلنَّاسِ ف۪ي هٰذَا الْقُرْاٰنِ مِنْ كُلِّ مَثَلٍۘ فَاَبٰٓى اَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ اِلَّا كُفُوراً

Walaqad sarrafna linnasifee hatha alqur-ani min kulli mathalin faabaaktharu annasi illa kufoora

And We have expounded for men in this Qur’an every similitude, but most men refuse save denial.

_https://quran.so/surah-al-isra/verse-89.md_

### 17. Surah Al-Isra, Verse 99

- **Form in this verse:** فَأَبَى — fa-abā · "But refused"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · past tense

اَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا اَنَّ اللّٰهَ الَّذ۪ي خَلَقَ السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْاَرْضَ قَادِرٌ عَلٰٓى اَنْ يَخْلُقَ مِثْلَهُمْ وَجَعَلَ لَهُمْ اَجَلاً لَا رَيْبَ ف۪يهِۜ فَاَبَى الظَّالِمُونَ اِلَّا كُفُوراً

Awa lam yaraw anna Allaha allatheekhalaqa assamawati wal-ardaqadirun AAala an yakhluqa mithlahum wajaAAala lahumajalan la rayba feehi faaba aththalimoonailla kufoora

Have they not considered that God, who created the heavens and the earth, has power to create the like of them? And He has made for them a term whereof there is no doubt; but the wrongdoers refuse save denial.

_https://quran.so/surah-al-isra/verse-99.md_

### 18. Surah Al-Kahf, Verse 77

- **Form in this verse:** فَأَبَوْا۟ — fa-abaw · "but they refused"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, plural · past tense

فَانْطَلَقَا۠ حَتّٰٓى اِذَٓا اَتَيَٓا اَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍۨ اسْتَطْعَمَٓا اَهْلَهَا فَاَبَوْا اَنْ يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا فَوَجَدَا ف۪يهَا جِدَاراً يُر۪يدُ اَنْ يَنْقَضَّ فَاَقَامَهُۜ قَالَ لَوْ شِئْتَ لَتَّخَذْتَ عَلَيْهِ اَجْراً

Fantalaqa hattaitha ataya ahla qaryatin istatAAamaahlaha faabaw an yudayyifoohuma fawajadafeeha jidaran yureedu an yanqadda faaqamahuqala law shi/ta lattakhathta AAalayhi ajra

So they went forth. When they had come to the people of a city, they asked its people for food, but they refused them hospitality. And they found therein a wall upon the point of collapse, and he set it upright. He said: “If thou hadst wished, thou couldst have taken for it recompense.”

_https://quran.so/surah-al-kahf/verse-77.md_

### 20. Surah Taha, Verse 56

- **Form in this verse:** وَأَبَىٰ — wa-abā · "and refused"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · past tense

وَلَقَدْ اَرَيْنَاهُ اٰيَاتِنَا كُلَّهَا فَكَذَّبَ وَاَبٰى

Walaqad araynahu ayatinakullaha fakaththaba waaba

And We showed him all Our proofs, but he denied and refused.

_https://quran.so/surah-taha/verse-56.md_

### 20. Surah Taha, Verse 116

- **Form in this verse:** أَبَىٰ — abā · "he refused"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · past tense

وَاِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلٰٓئِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِاٰدَمَ فَسَجَدُٓوا اِلَّٓا اِبْل۪يسَۜ اَبٰى

Wa-ith qulna lilmala-ikatiosjudoo li-adama fasajadoo illa ibleesa aba

And when We said to the angels: “Submit to Adam,” then they submitted. Not so Iblīs; he refused.

_https://quran.so/surah-taha/verse-116.md_

### 25. Surah Al-Furqan, Verse 50

- **Form in this verse:** فَأَبَىٰٓ — fa-abā · "but refuse"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, masculine, singular · past tense

وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَاهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُواۘ  فَاَبٰٓى اَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ اِلَّا كُفُوراً

Walaqad sarrafnahu baynahumliyaththakkaroo faaba aktharu annasiilla kufoora

(And We have expounded it among them that they might take heed; but most men refuse save denial.

_https://quran.so/surah-al-furqan/verse-50.md_

### 33. Surah Al-Ahzab, Verse 72

- **Form in this verse:** فَأَبَيْنَ — fa-abayna · "but they refused"
  - **Grammar:** verb · 3rd person, feminine, plural · past tense

اِنَّا عَرَضْنَا الْاَمَانَةَ عَلَى السَّمٰوَاتِ وَالْاَرْضِ وَالْجِبَالِ فَاَبَيْنَ اَنْ يَحْمِلْنَهَا وَاَشْفَقْنَ مِنْهَا وَحَمَلَهَا الْاِنْسَانُۜ اِنَّهُ كَانَ ظَلُوماً جَهُولاًۙ

Inna AAaradna al-amanataAAala assamawati wal-ardiwaljibali faabayna an yahmilnahawaashfaqna minha wahamalaha al-insanuinnahu kana thalooman jahoola

We presented the trust to the heavens and the earth and the mountains, and they refused to bear it and were afraid of it; but man bore it — he is unjust and ignorant —

_https://quran.so/surah-al-ahzab/verse-72.md_

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